How is Gastric Sleeve Surgery Performed?
In the world, obesity has become the second most common preventable epidemic disease after smoking. Gastric Sleeve Surgery is performed by laparoscopic (closed) method and under general anesthesia. Gastric sleeve (stomach reduction) surgery is the most common obesity surgery method, especially in the recent period. It is the process of tube forming the stomach up to the esophagus with the help of special tools, starting from a distance of about 3-6 cm to the pilora, the end point of the stomach. After the procedure, which takes about 45 minutes, approximately 75-80% of the stomach is removed. Tube stomach surgery helps to lose weight with 3 mechanisms.
1. In gastric sleeve surgery, the patient's appetite decreases after the surgery as the fundus part of the stomach secreting appetite hormone (Ghrelin hormone) is also completely removed.
2. Due to the reduction of the stomach volume, a feeling of satiety occurs with a small amount of food intake.
3. Since the reservoir part is removed in the stomach, the passage of the foods taken into the small intestine accelerates and the satiety hormone called GLP is released early from the small intestine, thus the person gets a feeling of satiety earlier.
Who Can Have All Stomach Surgery?
Gaining weight for different reasons; who cannot lose weight against exercising and eating a healthy diet; Gastric sleeve surgery opens the doors of a new life for obesity patients who suffer from serious health problems due to their inability to lose weight. In order for sleeve gastrectomy to be performed, people must have tried to lose weight beforehand. This surgery should not be applied for the limited excess that can be given with a strict diet and exercise program. Before sleeve gastrectomy, all health checks of the patient should be done in detail and if there is a problem with hormones behind weight gain, blood values should be corrected first. For tube stomach surgery, people with obesity disease; Body mass index values to be 40 and above; Or; Body mass index values are between 30-39.9; Conditions are sought for health-risking diseases such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and sleep apnea. The age limit for sleeve gastrectomy is somewhat uncertain. Although it is generally recommended for obesity patients between the ages of 18-65, the age limit can be drawn between 13-70 in special cases. It should not be ignored that the determinations of specialist surgeons and the seriousness of the health conditions of the people are important in sleeve gastrectomy.
Weight loss of patients after sleeve gastrectomy;
1. A feeling of satiety occurs early with a small amount of food due to the reduction of the stomach volume.
2. The feeling of hunger is suppressed by removing the stomach part (fundus) where Ghrelin, known as the appetite hormone, is secreted. How is the weight loss process? After sleeve gastrectomy (stomach reduction) surgery, weight loss is rapid in the first three months, especially in the first month. During this period, patients are usually well motivated and follow the recommendations, as they usually lose weight very easily.
However, some patients may ignore the recommendations as they lose weight without exercising during this period. Therefore, in gastric sleeve surgery, it is strongly recommended to comply with the nutrition and sports recommendations in terms of adaptation to the future period and the continuation of weight loss. After the third month, the weight loss rate slows down and continues until the first year. In sleeve gastrectomy, the weight loss rate decreases even more after the first year and 18-24. After 1 month, weight loss stops completely. Even in 3-10% of patients who do not pay attention, weight gain can be seen even if they do not reach the old weight. For this reason, patients should have adapted to their new lifestyles until this period. In its simplest form, avoiding carbohydrates, eating less and frequently, consuming plenty of water and doing sports should have become a habit. Advantages of Gastric Sleeve Surgery The most important gain in sleeve gastrectomy is that there is no change in the natural pathway of the digestive system. Since the part where the Ghrelin hormone is released, which triggers the feeling of hunger, is removed, hunger is suppressed for a long time, you do not want much. Gastric sleeve surgery is an easier operation compared to other surgeries and the operation time is also shorter. Vitamin and mineral deficiency is much more rare than other procedures. Weight loss after tube stomach surgery continues for about 1-1.5 years. Patients who regain weight after sleeve gastrectomy have a chance to be easily converted to another surgery.